EFFECT OF GARLIC EXTRACT ethanolic epithelial cell proliferation TONGUE SPRAGUE Dawley rat induced by 7,12-DIMETHYLBENZ [A] anthracene
ABSTRACT: Oral cancer most commonly involves the tongue. This malignancy usually detected in the late stage, thus the survival rate is low. Garlic (Allium sativum) has been known as anticancer because of its components such as allicin, ajoene, diallyl disulfide, and dially trisulfide. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethanolic garlic extract on epithelial cell proliferation of the tongue after induced with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Fifteen female Sprague Dawley rats (2-3 months old, 80-160 grams BW), were injected with 0.1 ml/100 grams per body weight of 2% 7,12-7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracen on the lateral tongue rats, then divided into control group, treatment with 50 mg/ml garlic extract group and treatment with 500 mg/ml garlic extract group. Five weeks later, treatment groups were treated either with 50 mg/ml or 500 mg/ml garlic extract for 1 week. All rats were sacrified and the tongue tissue were processed for histological specimens and stained with AgNOR to observe the number of nucleolar (black dots). The result of one way ANOVA showed significant differences (p<0.05) among groups. Tukey test showed that mAgNOR of the group treated with 500 mg/ml extract were significantly less than the mAgNOR of the group treated with 50 mg/ml extract. The mAgNOR of the treatment groups were significantly less than the control group. In conclusion, ethanolic garlic extract reduce epithelial cell proliferation of the rat's tongue. Treatment with 500 mg/ml ethanolic garlic extract was more effective than 50 mg/ml extract in inhibiting proliferation activities of tongue epithelial cells of the rats.
