GIVING EFFECT OF EXTRACT ethanolic ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) epithelial thickness TONGUE OF RATS Sprague Dawley POST INJECTION 7,12-DIMETILBENZ [a] ANTRASEN
ABSTRACT: Tongue cancer is the twelfth worldwide commonest cancer. Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) is a wild herb that easly found in Indonesia. The plant contains natural chemical compounds such as physalin, saponin, and flavonoid. Traditionally, Indonesian people use this herb as a medicine to treat cancer. Epithelial cancer tissues showed an increased mitotic activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethanolic ciplukan extract on epithelium thickness of Sprague Dawley rats' tongue induced with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). Fifteen female Sprague Dawley rats, aged 2-3 months, weight 80-160 grams were used in this study. They were divided into treatment and control groups. Tongue cancer was induced by injecting 0.1 ml/100 gram per body weight of 2% DMBA on the lateral part of the rats' tongue intra submucosally. Five weeks after DMBA injection, the rats of the treatment group were treated either with 750 or 1500 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic ciplukan extract for 1 week; while the control group, rats were left untreated. The rats were sacrificed, processed for histological specimens and then stained with hematoxylin eosin. One Way ANOVA showed significant statistical differences of the epithelium thickness among groups (p<0.05), indicating that ethanolic ciplukan extract reduced the thickness of the epithelium. Post Hoc Tukey HSD test result showed that the thickness of the epithelium of the treatment groups was significantly lower compared to the control group. The thickness of the epithelium of the group treated with 1500 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic ciplukan extract was significantly lower than the group treated with 750 mg/kg body weight. It was indicated that 1500 mg/kg body weigth of ethanolic ciplukan extract had a better effect than 750 mg/kg body weigth of ethanolic ciplukan extract in reducing the thickness of the epithelium. In conclusion, ethanolic ciplukan extract reduces the thickness of the epithelium of the rats' tongue. Dose 1500 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic ciplukan extract reduces the thickness of the epithelium more effectively than 750 mg/kg body weigth of ethanolic ciplukan extract. Key words : 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), epithelium thickness, tongue cancer, Physalis angulata L.
