IMPROVED BY COMBINATION cisplatin cytotoxicity ethanolic extract of ginger rhizome (Curcuma Roxb xanthorriza) AND LEAF EXTRACT ethanolic ficus septica (Ficus septica Burm.F.) MODULATION THROUGH CELL CYCLE OF BREAST CANCER CELLS T47D
ABSTRACT: Cisplatin, a wellknown chemotherapeutic agent of cancer, possessed several side side effects. Thus, combination chemotherapy (co-chemotherapy), becomes a desired strategy to increase the effectivity and decrease the side effects of cisplatin. Curcumin, a major compound found in curcuma; and alkaloid fenantroindolisidin, a major compound in awar-awar; showed cytotoxic activity on several cancer cells. The aim of this study is to examine the synergistic effect of combination of cisplatin, ethanolic extract of curcuma (EEC), and ethanolic extract of awar-awar (EEA) on T47D cells. The cytotoxic activity was determined by using MTT assay with IC50 and CI as parameter for single and combination cytotoxic activity respectively. Combinations of 1/6 IC50 EEC 5 µg/ml, EEA 1 µg/ml and cisplatin 2.5 µM performed synergistic effect on T47D cell viability with CI value of 0,53. Further, the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle modulation were analyzed by using flow cytometry. Combination of EEC, EEA and cisplatin increased apoptosis and cells accumulation in S phase (27,7%) on T47D breast cancer cells. Futher molecular mechanism of this synergistic effect needs to be elucidated.
