Search Potential Anticancer methanolic Leaf Extract Red Betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) against Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells by Cytotoxic Effects Observation and Cell Migration
ABSTRACT: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer with a high mortality rate. The major causes of breast cancer mortality is metastasis formed by the spread of malignant cells to the distant anatomic sites. Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav leaf contains flavonoids and alkaloids that were reported to have antimetastasis activity in several types of cancer cells. This study aims to determine the activity of methanolic extract of Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav leaf (EMDS) in inhibiting cell migration which is an initial stage of the metastasis process. EMDS was obtained by using soxhletation and characterized using thin layer chromatography (TLC). Cytotoxic effect of EMDS was examining using MTT assay and was identified through IC50 value. Furthermore, cell migration inhibitory activity was observed using scratch wound healing assay to obtain percent closure. Visual TLC profile shows that EMDS qualitatively contains flavonoids and alkaloids. The results showed EMDS has cytotoxic activity against 4T1 breast cancer cells in a dose dependent manner with IC50 values of 120 �µg/mL. EMDS started to show migration inhibitory activity of 4T1 breast cancer cells at dose 30 �µg/mL. This results showed that EMDS is potentially used as anticancer agent in breast cancer treatments by inhibiting the migration of 4T1 breast cancer cells.
