Characterization and Test of Cytotoxic Activity Fucoidan from Brown Alga Sargassum cristaefolium, Turbinaria conoides and Padina fraseri against WiDr Colon Cancer Cell, Breast Cancer Cells MCF-7 and Vero Normal Cells
ABSTRACT: Fucoidan is a sulfate polysaccharides compound containing most of L-fukosa and sulfate esters. Polymer of fucoidan has a complex structure and varies in some brown algae species. The unique structure of fucoidan determines its level of bioactivity. This study aims at characterizing the fucoidan of some species of brown algae Sargassum cristaefolium, Turbinaria conoides and Padina fraseri and assaying their cytotoxic activity against WiDr colon cancer cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells and Vero normal cells. The sampling of brown algae was carried out in the intertidal zone in Drini beach, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. The extraction of fucoidan from brown algae was done by soaking it in a HCl solution followed by precipitating it using CaCl2 and ethanol. The yield of the extracted fucoidan was then measured and the fucoidan was purified using DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The characterization of fucoidan includes the determination of its total carbohydrates, sulphate residue, uronic acid residue and component of monosaccharides. The cytotoxic assay of fucoidan was done against WiDr colon cancer cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells and Vero normal cells using MTT method. Fucoidan with the highest yield was obtained from T. conoides, followed by S. cristaefolium and P. fraseri with the amount of 4.8%; 2.7% and 2.6% respectively, of their dry weight. Those of the three species of brown algae showed constituent variations of their chemical components. Fucoidan from S. cristaefolium, T. conoides and P. fraseri showed the total carbohydrate content of 64.55 �± 0.12%, 67.42 �± 0.03% and 62.90 �± 0.04%; sulphate residue of 0.013% �± 4.71, 19.47 �± 0.002% and 0.016% �± 8.81; and uronic acid residue of 25.19�±0.03%, 12.69 �± 0.03% and 12.91 �± 0, 01%, respectively. The monosaccharide component of fucoidan from S. cristaefolium, T. conoides and P. fraseri consists of fucose and some other minor monosaccharides. The IC50 value of the cytotoxicity of fucoidan against MCF-7 breast cancer cells, WiDr colon cancer cells and Vero normal cells from S. cristaefolium, T. conoides, P. fraseri and standard fucoidan were, respectively, 461, 476 and 757 �µg/ml; 547, 663 and 1573 �µg/ml; 118, 144 and 501 �µg/ml; and 63, 60 dan 211 �µg/ml. The results of this study indicate that fucoidan from S. cristaefolium, T. conoides and P. fraseri have a variety of their chemical constituent components and their cytotoxicity activity of fucoidan against WiDr colon cancer cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells and Vero normal cells as well.
ABSTRACT: Fucoidan is a sulfate polysaccharides compound containing most of L-fukosa and sulfate esters. Polymer of fucoidan has a complex structure and varies in some brown algae species. The unique structure of fucoidan determines its level of bioactivity. This study aims at characterizing the fucoidan of some species of brown algae Sargassum cristaefolium, Turbinaria conoides and Padina fraseri and assaying their cytotoxic activity against WiDr colon cancer cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells and Vero normal cells. The sampling of brown algae was carried out in the intertidal zone in Drini beach, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. The extraction of fucoidan from brown algae was done by soaking it in a HCl solution followed by precipitating it using CaCl2 and ethanol. The yield of the extracted fucoidan was then measured and the fucoidan was purified using DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The characterization of fucoidan includes the determination of its total carbohydrates, sulphate residue, uronic acid residue and component of monosaccharides. The cytotoxic assay of fucoidan was done against WiDr colon cancer cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells and Vero normal cells using MTT method. Fucoidan with the highest yield was obtained from T. conoides, followed by S. cristaefolium and P. fraseri with the amount of 4.8%; 2.7% and 2.6% respectively, of their dry weight. Those of the three species of brown algae showed constituent variations of their chemical components. Fucoidan from S. cristaefolium, T. conoides and P. fraseri showed the total carbohydrate content of 64.55 �± 0.12%, 67.42 �± 0.03% and 62.90 �± 0.04%; sulphate residue of 0.013% �± 4.71, 19.47 �± 0.002% and 0.016% �± 8.81; and uronic acid residue of 25.19�±0.03%, 12.69 �± 0.03% and 12.91 �± 0, 01%, respectively. The monosaccharide component of fucoidan from S. cristaefolium, T. conoides and P. fraseri consists of fucose and some other minor monosaccharides. The IC50 value of the cytotoxicity of fucoidan against MCF-7 breast cancer cells, WiDr colon cancer cells and Vero normal cells from S. cristaefolium, T. conoides, P. fraseri and standard fucoidan were, respectively, 461, 476 and 757 �µg/ml; 547, 663 and 1573 �µg/ml; 118, 144 and 501 �µg/ml; and 63, 60 dan 211 �µg/ml. The results of this study indicate that fucoidan from S. cristaefolium, T. conoides and P. fraseri have a variety of their chemical constituent components and their cytotoxicity activity of fucoidan against WiDr colon cancer cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells and Vero normal cells as well.
