Cytotoxicity FRACTION AND POTENTIAL LEAF fertile sterile, AND rhizomes dragon scales (pyrrosia piloselloides [L.] M.G. Price.) AGAINST BREAST CANCER CELLS AND KOLON WiDr T47D
ABSTRACT: P. piloselloides (L.) M.G. Price. also known as Sisik naga is one of epiphytic ferns belongs to Polypodiaceae order. P. piloselloides can be used to stop bleeding, laxative, antiinflammation, antiseptic, antibacterial, and also beneficial to cure breast cancer. The objective of this research was to identify toxic compounds in the chloroform and methanol extract of sterile and fertile fronds, and rhizome of P. piloselloides. which have the potency as growth inhibitor of breast cancer cell T47D and colon WiDr in vitro. The chroloform and methanol extraction were conducted by stirring and maceration method. Identification of the compounds exist in the extract was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Vacuum liquid Chromatography (VLC) and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) preparation were used to separate several compounds in the extract. Cytotoxicity of the potential fractions of TLC preparation was tested on breast cancer cell T47D and colon WiDr by MTT assay. Identification of the compounds was conducted using spray reagent and standart compounds. The data was analyzed by using probit and descriptive analysis. The result of this research showed that methanol extract of P. piloselloides had the highest cytotoxicity on the breast cancer cell T47D (465,45 μg/ml) and colon cancer cell WiDr (423,62 μg/ml). Methanol fraction of 100% concentration had the highest cytotoxicity with IC50 values for each were 180,08 μg/ml (T47D) and 153,43 μg/ml (WiDr). Fractions of TLC preparation which had the highest activity on the breast cancer cell T47D was the top part (672,86 μg/ml), while the highest activity on the colon cancer cell WiDr was the bottom part (397,28 μg/ml). Compounds exist in the methanol extract of the rhizome were 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one, stigmasterol and campesterol. The result showed that responsible compounds for the inhibition of cancer cell were flavonoid, terpenoid, steroid and saponin. Key words: Sisik Naga (Pyrrosia piloselloides [L.] M.G. Price.), Cytotoxicity, Breast cancer cell T47D, Colon cancer cell WiDr, MTT assay
