Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 RELATIONS WITH BONE METASTASIS OF PROSTATE CANCER
ABSTRACT: Background: Prostate cancer ranks second among cancers in men and is the fifth among cancer deaths in men. The incidence of metastasis, especially bone metastasis in prostate cancer occurs up to 90% of the total patient population at the end stage, and no curative therapy for such cases is available. Therefore, prognostic marker is very necessary to identify a possible prostate cancer that will be aggressive and will have a high potency for early metastasis. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1) content in most prostate cancer cells is known to have association with metastatic capability. ALDH1 content in prostate cancer cells is expected to be used as a prognostic marker to detect possible prostate cancer metastasis. Objective: To determine the association between ALDH1 expression and metastasis in prostate cancer Methods: This study was a prospective study in 45 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer in Sardjito General hospital. Patient characteristics and patient clinical data were recorded. Paraffin blocks of 45 patient surgery results were performed with immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibody of anti ALDH1A1 (EP1933Y, Biocare, dilution 1: 200). ALDH1 expression differences between prostate cancer without metastases and prostate cancer with metastasis was compared and analyzed with Chi-square. Results: This study involved 45 prostate cancer patients with median of age of 74 years. A high Gleason scores was found in 25 (55.6%) patients with prostate cancer and 24 (53.3%) patients had metastasis to the bone. The high expression of ALDH1 was found in 30 (66.7%) patients. The incidence of bone metastasis in patients with prostate cancer was associated with high levels of ALDH1 (p <0.001, OR, 95% CI 17.88 (3.28-97.83) and was not associated with Gleason score (p = 0.316).
