Cytotoxic effects Ethyl Acetate Fraction Soluble Components of ethanolic Leaf Extract Awar-awar (Ficus septica Burm. F.) To the Breast Cancer Cells T47D and Profile Compounds Alkaloidnya
ABSTRACT: Indonesia is a country rich in biodiversity which can be utilized for the welfare of the people, including medicinal plants. One of the great diversity of medicinal plant species is Ficus septica Burm. f. (F. septica). F. septica leaves is known for its alkaloids constituents. Alkaloids, ethanolic extract, n-hexane insoluble fraction, and ethyl acetate soluble fraction of F. septica leaves have been reported for their cytotoxic effects. Alkaloids in the leaves may be dissolved in organic solvents, including ethyl acetate. Therefore, this study would like to investigate the profile of alkaloids in the ethyl acetate fraction with water-soluble components (EAFWSC) from ethanolic extract of F. septica leaves and its cytotoxic effect on T47D cells. The preparation of EAFWSC consists of maceration of the leaves powder with 70% (v/v) ethanol, filtration with Al2O3, precipitation with HCl 0,1 N, Mayer reagent, and NaOH 0,1 N, and also fractionization with ethyl acetate. Qualitative Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) test was used in order to determine the profile of alkaloids in EAFWSC, using alkaloid specific reagents such as Dragendorff, NaNO2, and Van Urk-Salkowski. The cytotoxic effect of EAFWSC on T47D cells was evaluated using the MTT assay with the concentrations used 1,56; 3,12; 6,25; 12,5; 25 and 50 µg/mL. The results of the TLC test showed that EAFWSC contains alkaloids with the Rx value 0,74 and 0,80 against yohimbin using the mobile phase n-buthanol � glacial acetic acid � distilled water (3:1:1 v/v/v). Moreover, an indole alkaloid was detected on the spot with the 0,80 Rx value. Analysis using TLC scanner on the TLC plate showed that EAFWSC had the profile of indole alkaloid with the value of 17,89%. EAFWSC was capable to cause death in T47D cells with the viability cells measured was between 2,059 ± 0,329% and 51,632 ± 1,690%. Overall the results of this study showed that EAFWSC contains indole alkaloid and possess a cytotoxic effect on T47D cells.
